Heated Exchange

Ultimately, to enjoy any kind of true inner freedom, I'm of the understanding that one needs to detach what one identifies as "myself" to the "small-self" emotions that rise up. I react to outside events
( a check in the mail!) or inner conditions ( such as fear of not getting what I want), and a corresponding "self" emotion takes hold : I am happy, I am sad, I am bored...etc.
How does one find a place in oneself in which to observe and accept (without needing to change) these various, ever-changing smaller emotions as they come and go? And, if one is able to do so, can one then allow larger, deeper emotions - unnameable emotions to enter?